Tips for Repurposing the Content

Tips for Repurposing the Content What is repurposing content? You may not make certain about what repurposing content is, however essentially, it is utilizing your old substance and switching things up with the goal that it tends to be pertinent to individuals that you need to focus for the posts. This is something worth being thankful for in light of the fact that you don't need to make up another substance without any preparation. You can be certain that you will make your new substance present day and pertinent to another gathering of individuals. Here are only a portion of the advantages that you can get from repurposing your substance: You can make your preferred subject the most recent thing to peruse once more. Let us state that you have expounded on something that you are incredibly pleased with, and it has just been overlooked in light of the new posts that you have set up. At the point when you change it a piece, it will be much the same as new and individuals will be keen on perusing it once more. You can boost the exertion that you have made into making the substance. At the point when you expound on something, there is no uncertainty that you have put forth attempt into doing it. By repurposing your substance, you are expanding the endeavors that you can give out. You can target new individuals. Quite possibly you have just connected with certain individuals before, however you might want to contact another intended interest group this time around. Recollect that it tends to be simple as long as you most likely are aware how to repurpose your substance adequately. Presently when you’ve definitely known the advantages that can be gotten from repurposing, here are a few things you should recollect so as to repurpose your substance well: Pick content that is well known †The way that it is mainstream implies that there are many individuals who are keen on finding out about it once more. On the off chance that you repurpose this, there are better possibilities that your substance will be perused once more. Repurpose the post into a guide †Nowadays individuals like looking for tips on the most proficient method to do certain things. Making an old blog entry into a guide will unquestionably be a hit. Include recordings or pictures †Most of us better see the data with visual fortification. We will in general comprehend content more when there are recordings or pictures that are remembered for blog entry that used to be simply brimming with words. You can likewise cause an Infographics to what you to have expounded on. Make a presentatinon † Make intriguing grafics with insights, include important quates, seaarch for realeted pictures. Offer slides with advices and intriguing tips to an interpersonal organizations or such destinations like SlideShare. It can give extra chances to commitment target crowd. There are a great deal of variations how to repurpose your substance. The kind of substance will vary contingent upon where you are going to post it. The most ideal approach to discover how to repurpose content viably is to analyze.

Nordstrom Incâ€analyzing Financial Performance

NORDSTROM INCâ€ANALYZING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE RETURN ON OPOERATING ASSETS ADDITIVE DUPONT MODEL Summary Nordstrom is one of the most seasoned retail organizations in the United States. It began from 1901 in Seattle and has been developed to an amazing retailer in national zone. Selling top notch items is the most significant strategy for Nordstrom to gather its income. Simultaneously, Nordstrom additionally offers credits and obligations to clients by his banks. For this situation, we are attempting to investigation Nordstrom’s budget reports and compute not many straightforward proportions to move toward the exhibition of this company.The primary concern in our examination is to make sense of how Nordstrom is utilizing its working resources for get returning. a). ROE is utilized to quantify the net benefit in a period as a level of shareholder’s value. In other word, ROE implies how much overall gain we can get by utilizing shareholders’ speculation. ROE is a higher priority than total compensation in dollar terms since ROE is a proportion. Proportion permitted investigators to think about companies’ execution over the period. Truth be told, the proportion can likewise assist us with looking at organizations in an alternate size or diverse industry.Net salary in dollar terms isn't broadly utilized in light of the fact that this technique is constrained by companies’ various circumstances. b). ROE and RONA are both valuable techniques to decide a company’s execution. Be that as it may, ROE and RONA measure a company’s execution in an alternate manner. ROE considers whole company’s pay, costs and increase/loss of a company’s benefit; RONA just consider a company’s net benefit from working exercises. Then again, ROE computes all profits which originate from shareholder’s working of value; RONA just ascertains the working resources and liabilities which don’t incorporate the fi nancing activities.The non-working part of ROE speaks to is that an organization catches benefit from financing exercises and contributing exercises (them two are not working exercises). c). Minimal assessment rate implies a pace of duty that one organization needs to pay on its next dollar of available pay. Minimal expense rate will influence company’s future monetary choices since this assessment rate is identified with the financial circumstance. Along these lines, organizations need to consider government personal assessment as well as need to consider state annual duty. Assessment shield is the duty decrease, which is made by things that are permitted to take reasoning from charge income.For example, enthusiasm on obligation is charge deductible, assuming obligation makes charge shield. Duty shield is a significant technique to sparing income and it is a huge piece of companies’ business valuation (Wikipedia, 2012). d. (in millions)| Fiscal 2009| Fiscal 2008| Fisc al 2007| Operating assets| 6,579| 5,661| 5,600| Operating liabilities| 2,394| 1,938| 1,988| Net working assets| 4,185| 3,723| 3,612| e. 2009 NOPAT= 441 + [(138? (1-38. 5%)] = 526 2008 NOPAT= 401 + [(131? (1-38. 5%)] =482 The dollar measure of Nordstrom’s charge shield from nonoperation exercises in financial 2009 is $53 ( $ 138 x 38. 5 % ). f. 009 RNOA = $526/[($4,185 + $3,723)/2] = $526/$3,954 = 13. 3% 2008 RNOA = $482/[($3,723 + $3,612)/2] = $482/$3,668 = 13. 1% g. RNOA is improved over the two years. So as to comprehend the expansion, we can inspect NOPM and NOAT. NOPM is 6. 1 % ( $ 526/$ 8, 627) in 2009 and 5. 6 % ( $ 482/8, 573) in 2008. NOPM dissects the measure of net working benefit after expense for every dollar that is been earned by deals. The expansion in NOPM might be seen a little increment however on the off chance that the volume of the deals is thought of, the increment would have immense effect on an increment in net gain. NOAT is 2. 18 % ($ 8, 627/3,954) in 2009 and 2. 4 % ($ 8, 573/3, 688) in 2008. The lessening in NOAT shows that the organization is less proficient and powerful as far as producing deals by utilization of advantages. To close, one might say that the organization accomplished better likelihood by a more regrettable utilization of working resources. In any case, the position of the organization is acceptable and getting better in the event that we stress the expansion in RNOA over the two years. h. 2009 ROE = $441/[($1,572+ $1,210)/2] = 31. 7 % Non working return: ROE †RNOA = 31. 7 % †13. 3 % = 18. 4 % 2008 ROE = $401/[($1, 210 + $ 1,115)/2] = 34. 5 % Non working return: ROE †RNOA = 34. 5 % †13. 1 % = 21. 4 % The ROE is diminished from 34. % to 31. 7 % over the two years. The contrast among ROE and RNOA shows that there is non-working return. Non-working returns shows the impact of obligation to back working resources. Also, it shows that Nordstrom utilizes liabilities or obligation to increment wor king resources and income. Nordstrom utilizes obligation and the expense of the obligation is not exactly the income, in this manner it is valuable for the organization. I. Net non-working commitments 2007: $261+ $2,236 = $2,497 2008: $275+$24+$$2,214 = $2,513 2009: $356+2,257= $2,613 FLEV 2009: [($2,613+$2,513)/2]/$1,390 = 1. 84 2008: [$2,523+$2,497)/2]/$1,163 = 2. 15 It shows that Nordstrom has $1. 4 of non-working liabilities for each dollar of shareholder’s value. The organization has less budgetary influence contrast with year 2008. Furthermore, the organization doesn't have non-working resources; FLEV measure can be utilized as company’s obligation to-value proportion as well. Spread 2009: 13. 3% †($85/$2,563) = 10. 0% 2008: 13. 1% †($81/$2,505) = 9. 9% Nordstrom’s RNOA earned 13. 3% and 13. 1% in 2008 and 2009, while the organization paying just 3. 3% and 3. 2% for its obligation. Thusly, it implies that the organization working return surpasses the expense of getting. Non-working return 2009: 1. 84 x 10. 0% = 18. 4% 2008: 2. 15 x 9. 9% 21. 3% j. Nordstrom| TJX| Return on equity| 31. 7%| 48. 3%| RNOA| 13. 3%| 38. 3%| NOPM| 6. 1%| 6. 1%| NOAT| 2. 1%| 6. 28%| Non working return| 18. 4%| 10. 1%| FLEV| 1. 84| 0. 29| Spread| 10. 0%| 34. 9%| The ROE of Nordstrom is 31. 7% and TJX 48. 3% show that both of the organizations are entirely productive. The organizations are totally different than one another as far as techniques. Nordstrom generally utilizes influence so as to expand the profits; then again, TJX utilizes for the most part investors value and less influence. Both of the organizations have the equivalent NOPM at 6. 1% that expresses that the two organizations make 6. 1 pennies after duty for each dollar of sale.Furthermore, TJX has better working resource turnover (NOAT) than Nordstrom, which shows that TJX is changing over its working advantages for money multiple times quicker than Nordstrom. RNOA is determined by dup licating NOAT and NOPM that is 13. 3 % for Nordstrom and 38. 4 % for TJX. The non-working return is diverse for organizations. The numbers are 18. 4 % for Nordstrom and 10. 1 % for TJX. The numbers show that Nordstrom has more influence than TJX. Nordstrom’s FLEV is a lot higher than TJX which shows that TJX has less commitments and influence than Nordstrom with in regards to value. TJX’s spread is multiple times higher than Nordstrom.Although the two organizations have moderately close non-working costs to non-working commitments number ( cost of obligation ), the distinction in Spread is identified with RNOA numbers. Also, TJX doesn't have numerous commitments, which lead to low non-working return. k. So as to improve RNOA in 2010, the organization can improve its NOPM or its NOAT. Nordstrom administrations need to improve their deals and diminish the costs in order to improve NOPM. Diminishing the measure of working resources, for example, long haul fixed resources can expand NOAT. Also, they can attempt a few different ways to gather debt claim rapidly, sell inventories rapidly nd sell some property or gear. As far as liabilities, Nordstrom administrations can concede to take care of tab in creditor liability and annual expense liabilities. These techniques may improve Nordstrom’s RNOA. End Nordstrom Inc. ’s RNOA proportion shows that the company’s budgetary execution in 2009 is marginally better than in 2008. All the more explicitly, the RNOA is expanded from 13. 3% to 13. 1 % over the two years yet its ROE is diminished. The distinction among ROE and RNOA shows that there is non-working return. Non-working returns shows the impact of obligation to back working assets.Moreover, it shows that Nordstrom utilizes liabilities or obligation to increment working resources and profit. Nordstrom utilizes obligation and the expense of the obligation is not exactly the profit, in this way it is helpful for the organization. In lig ht of the information from monetary record, then again, the administrations used a greater number of liabilities in 2009 than 2008 to expand the profits.. That implies Nordstrom’s administrators did steady employments in monetary execution in 2009. Nonetheless, contrasted and others progressively fruitful organizations in a similar industry, for example, TJX, Nordstrom administrations should attempt others powerful techniques to improve their profits.

The Essay Game - Study Sample Topics

The Essay Game - Study Sample TopicsIf you are just beginning your preparation for The Store: The Essay Game, then you might not have prepared yourself with quite the extensive range of essay topics that would have been on offer. Fortunately, however, many of the topics that you will encounter are very broad and universal.One of the best things about studying and writing on a particular topic is that you can continue to expand upon it and you can simply put your experience into practice at any point in time. In the same way, you should be able to return to your essay topic whenever you need to revisit or adapt a particular part of your study.For this reason, we have provided the specific essay topics that you can expect to find on the game's official website. As you proceed through the site, you will be able to learn a great deal about how to write, how to research and how to use facts and knowledge to make some excellent essays. You can expect to find topics such as what constitutes an essay and why there is something called a 'Store' but you can also expect to discover some other very useful and helpful tips.You can also expect to find out the criteria which must be met in order to join the well-known 'Store' (as well as in order to win money) and you can therefore get ideas on how to write a good argument. It will be all the more exciting if you are an author of your own book; you will therefore find great opportunities to promote and sell your books.So you will learn a lot about the TSI and you will be able to see how an essay works and why you must consider it carefully. The Essay Game is a great way to brush up on your skills.If you prefer to create your own essay and to make it your own, you can look forward to learning a lot from the official TSI essay sample topics. The sample topics are also valuable in that they are capable of guiding you in the right direction and that you can quickly apply your research and your experience to the situation at hand. So if you are a beginner, you should look for some of the possible essay topics for your needs. It is much better to spend a bit of time researching the appropriate ones.If you can't seem to find an essay topic that you can use, there are a couple of sites that have essays and sample questions and answers for you to take advantage of. You might be surprised by the help that you will get from these sources, especially if you start using them more frequently.

Examples Of Capitalitarianism In The Jungle - 1032 Words

In Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle, his main idea is to push for socialism because he thinks you have to be corrupt in order to practice capitalism. Throughout the novel he makes numerous metaphors about how capitalism is bad and a person must be corrupt in order to be successful. The main example for this is the main character Jurgis Rudkus, who displayed various acts of corruption in order to survive and make a living for himself. I’m the end of the novel, Upton Sinclair had Jurgis become really involved in a socialist party, and he allegedly did fine. Throughout the novel numerous acts of dishonesty were displayed. At the beginning Jurgis was a strong and determined man, as the years past he became skinnier and went down the†¦show more content†¦The extremely cold temperatures was the main reason people would die and get lost on their way home, or it could lead to the loss of fingers, toes, and even ears. The cold was the reason Jurgis lost the majority of his family, and the poor work conditions. When his family started to pass away one by one that is when he went over the edge and became a corrupt man. The metaphors used by Upton Sinclair became a leading role for things to come in the novel, most of his metaphors were showing how bad capitalism is and the socialism is the best way to run your country. The order of society are the social classes such as, high class, middle class, and low class. The main two classes were high class and low class there was no in between you were either rich or dirt poor. Jurgis first starts out in the low class when he first comes to the country. As the time goes by and things get worse for him Jurgis starts to a live a life of frequent crime which allows him to be able to move up in social classes, although he doesn’t become super rich he does good enough to be able feed himself and make sure he has a place to sleep. Jurgis always managed to stay right there in the middle not to poor and not to rich. Throughout the novel Jurgis meets a number of people who help him along the way, and they were in the high class. The majority of the people he met and made friends with were very rich. The people Jurgis meets

Essay on International Trade Concepts Simulation - 827 Words

International Trade Concepts Simulation Abstract The following paper will present information found in a simulation based on international trade concepts. Key points found from the reading will be noted and concepts discussed will be shown integrated in the workplace. International Trade Concepts Simulation International trade has become a very important means of survival for global economies in this day and age. As countries continue to grow and resources become smaller, trade with other countries who have provide certain resources in a greater capacity becomes very lucrative. At the same time, those same countries must be able to offer something of similar value. Through this ability of trade, this allows countries to†¦show more content†¦Another disadvantage that can occur happens when free trade agreements are allowed with one country but not another. Although no free trade agreements with larger countries are possible when bargaining power is stronger with them, it can still lead to higher imports and caps on exports. Free trade agreements do allow smaller and weaker countries the ability to grow their industries and possibly provide more jobs for both trade partners in the long run. There were four key points relevant to the readings that were apparent in the simulation. A country’s debts are usually judged in comparison to their assets. (Colander, 2006) The simulation involved certain aspects of such when corn was considered to be in excess from importation. Surpluses were also identified when one country was considered dumping their imports of watches onto the country of Rodamia. This endangered the local watch industry as prices from the imported watch goods were undercutting the local market. In order to level the excess, tariffs were set. Protectionism was also discussed as fledgling markets of Rodamia, such as corn, was in need of growth. Once again the use of tariffs and quotas were set in order to protect the local industry. Outsourcing was also touched upon as free trade agreements could possibly open jobs in weaker neighboring countries that can offer comparative work as well.Show MoreRelatedEssay on International Trade Simulation987 Wo rds   |  4 Pagessummarize the International Trade Simulation, explain the basic concept of International Trade, emphasize the four key points from the reading assignments in the simulation, and apply these concepts to my workplace. Simulation Summary In the International Trade simulation, you are the Trade Representative of a small country called Rodamia. 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This type of trade has political, economic, and social importance to all nations involved. There are many factors surrounding international trade, such as, advantages, limitations, foreign exchange rates, and others. As we review these factors,Read MoreUsing the VinLogic Simulation Model: Insights Gained and Lessons Learned727 Words   |  3 PagesInsights Gained and Lessons Learned Using The VinLogic Simulation Model Introduction Operations management is comprised of a series of concepts and frameworks that are best learned through the use of simulations and constraint-based modeling to show the effects of one decision on corporate performance. This is especially true in the areas of logistics, transportation and supply chain management optimization, The VinLogic Simulation Model has specifically been designed to take into account theRead MoreInternational Trade Simulation and Report1965 Words   |  8 PagesInternational Trade Simulation and Report ECO-212 Principles of Economics - Robert Coates University Of Phoenix Faithlyn Wright, Trina Drinka, David Barrett, Amber Kemper, Josue Garcia July 11, 2010. Advantage and Limitation of International Trade International Trade is important to many countries because it allows a country to import products or resources that may be difficult to produce locally. As a result, this enhances the country’s growth and economic wealth, andRead MoreAdvantage and Limitation of International Trade1603 Words   |  6 Pagesat least one advantage and one limitation of international trade as identified in the simulation. One of the advantages is that free trade could bring about peace since countries engage in commerce with one another. There is also the aspect of efficiency where international trade enhances competition and the efficiency of technology. It promotes dynamism, productivity, and innovation within a specific economy. On the other hand, international trade produces competition to domestic products since

How Much House Can You Afford - 2581 Words

How Much House Can I Afford? If you re thinking about buying a house, there are a few things to factor in before you fall in love with your dream home. Using a home affordability calculator can help you not only determine how much of a mortgage you can afford, but help you narrow down your search which is important when dealing with the hot Silicon Valley real estate market. Using the calculator below will help to determine your potential mortgage based on your monthly expenses, income, and other factors like your projected property taxes, home owner s insurance and other payments. This can give you an idea of what you can afford and what will fit your budget. (INSERT HOME AFFORDABILITY CALCULATOR HERE†¦) Determining how much house can†¦show more content†¦They assess this to determine how much additional debt you can take on, i.e., the front end. Ideally, it shouldn t be more than .28 or 28%. Determining your back-end ratio This is the total of all the payments from your debt-to-income ratio and your front-end-ratio. These are added and then divided by your monthly salary to determine how much total you will be able to afford. Ideally, it shouldn t be more than .36 or 36%. These totals aren t set in stone and each case may be different depending on the type of work you do and your specific circumstances. You may have higher debts and still get approved if you have a proven and consistent payment history. Factoring in your credit report Another area that lenders will look at is your credit report and your history to see how consistent you are with bill payments. This will help to determine your interest rate. Ideally, your credit report from the 3 bureaus should come out about 740, but if it s higher, that s even better. Your down payment An additional factor that s looked at is your down payment as a larger down payment will give you a smaller loan to pay off and smaller monthly payments. For some potential home owners, this is good news if they want to put down more than 10%, which is the average. Putting down 20% may help with the type of home you can afford. There are loan types that allow for 3-5% as a down payment. This is definitely something to look into if you know you

Social Determinants of Aboriginal Peoples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Social Determinants of Aboriginal Peoples. Answer: Introduction The health drawbacks faced by indigenous peoples in Australia is centuries old, before 1788, the indigenous Australians enjoyed healthy lives than most Europeans (HealthInforNet, 2017). After the arrival of British, this situation changes and currently indigenous communities are more vulnerable towards diseases than others. There are several social, economic factors which have increases health disadvantages in indigenous peoples such as unemployment, the absence of health care and lack of lands (Knibbs Sly, 2014). One of the leading causes of suicide and mental illness in indigenous peoples is racism (Priest, Paradies, Gunthorpe, Cairney, Sayers, 2011). This report will discuss regarding the impact of racism on the mental health and suicide rate of indigenous peoples in Australia. Due to racism, indigenous people face various social discriminations and abuses which resulted in mental illnesses and psychological problems that encourage peoples to commit suicide. This report will evaluate four recent media articles from multiple sources which are based on the effect of racism on mental health of indigenous peoples. As per Thorpe (2017), in Australia, the government has failed to fulfill the requirements for indigenous health, they have continuously disappointed despite providing two-way support. This article provides that government failed to protect aboriginal peoples from suicide caused due to non- indigenous peoples racism. This article provides that high rate of suicide is caused due to racism. The indigenous people are vulnerable towards suicide due to their mental health issues which are the result of racism faced by them. As per this article, there is a double chance of indigenous people committing suicide than comparing to people from other communities, along with that, they also face a high level of psychological suffering than others. As per the research, the psychological distress increases the chance of suicide three times more in aboriginal peoples than non-indigenous peoples management. According to Thorpe (2017), the government can assist in reducing the high suicide rate in indigenous peoples. They can implement strict regulations to support and address the challenges faced by indigenous peoples. Other than government policies, the support of non-indigenous is also necessary for reducing the rate of suicide of aboriginal peoples. The support should be offered and designed for communities to ensure high level of outcomes. Relevancy of topics discussed in overall unit The news article covered topics provided in module 1 2 topic 3 2 respectively. The topic one of module two provided the essential of government regulations to address the on-going issues concerning well-being of indigenous peoples. The article discussed that although the government has taken several initiatives, there is still requirement of solid provisions. The primary initiatives taken by Australian government include policies for health programs, nurse-family partnership program, and facilities to mothers and babies (Australian Department of Health, 2017). These initiatives are focused on filling the gap in health care of indigenous peoples that is caused due to social inequalities Management. Module one topic three on the other hand provided that identity of indigenous peoples culture is a significantly important. The government programs should keep this in mind and initiate programs for providing proper identity to aboriginal culture. The actions taken by media are affecting both adversely and positively on the topic, the attempts made by them prove that government programs are unable to address the problem of racism faced by indigenous peoples. The media sources negatively spread the news of high rate of suicide in aboriginal peoples while comparing it with non-indigenous peoples. As per Islam Fitzgerald (2016), the media coverage of the topic is considerable important as it provides information regarding public opinions and government policies. The media can improve indigenous peoples health through evidence-based broadcasting and increasing awareness. This SBS media item can enforce government to increase its initiatives and develop new services to fulfill the health necessities of aboriginal peoples. I believe that racism has always been a problem in Australian communities and this media article proved the same. This article provides that aboriginal peoples did not have culture, social and spiritual identity due to which they are vulnerable to the risk of suicide. I feel like the government is not taking strict decision for the safety of indigenous peoples. There are enough documents available which proved the link between social factors and indigenous peoples health (Shepherd, Li Zubrick, 2012). I think that Australian government should initiate strict policies to remove inequalities from the society to benefit well-being of indigenous peoples living in Australia. The young indigenous peoples living in Australia has a high chance of experiencing mental issues than compared to non-indigenous young peoples. The recent report by the National Indigenous Times defines the link between, suicide, mental health, and racism. According to the report, three in ten young aboriginal peoples are likely to face severe mental health issues. The report stated that around 33 percent of the young indigenous people might suffer from mental problems. The study was conducted on peoples between the age of 15 to 19 years, although, few participant were aged ten years as well (NIT, 2017). The increasing rate of suicide was linked to the trauma faced by peoples due to racism. As per the National Indigenous Times, the aboriginal peoples in Australia face disengagement during their education and employment. These factors reduce social well-being and emotions in young indigenous peoples that lead to substance abuse which eventually resulted in suicide. As per the article, a holistic approach is necessary to deal properly with decreasing levels of social well-being and emotions. There is a requirement of holistic services that focus on recovery of indigenous peoples by empowering them. The indigenous elders, leaders, and communities should struggle for the establishment of policies which assist in their resilience and recovery. There are few methods proposed in the article to address mental health issues such as telephone hotline facilities, community agency, and magazines. The young indigenous peoples can take the help and support of their family and friends to reduce their mental stress. To conclude, the article focuses on the requirement of internet and online technologies to address the mental health issues faced by young indigenous peoples (NIT, 2017). The online services provided necessary information regarding the treatment, prevention and diagnosis program. Relevancy of topics discussed in overall unit The module 3 topic 2 and module 2 topic 1 are related to this media article. The topics discuss element of aboriginal culture and influence of colonisation respectively. Module 3 topic 2 provided that there is solid connection between spiritual and physical elements. The aboriginal peoples are strongly connected with their land and consider it a source of life. Therefore, social difficulty like unemployment increases the psychological tension and mental health issues in between indigenous peoples. Module 2 topic 1 provides that colonisation significantly influences the health and social status of aboriginal peoples; it adversely impacts on aboriginal health since it is related to historical trauma. Similarly, racism is a similar and interconnecting phenomenon which has increased due to effects of colonisation (Paradies, 2016). Both colonisation and racism resulted in high rate of suicide attempts made by aboriginal peoples. The media item contributes significantly to the high rate of mental health problem in between aboriginal peoples. The primary contribution of the article is proposing the application of a holistic method to face the issues relating to young indigenous peoples. The article has supported few of the programs which are established in Australia. For example, indigenous board which is selected by local communities, operate and manage the ACCHS which provided healthcare services to indigenous peoples through a holistic approach which reduce illnesses, improve health and enhance the development of communities (Durey Thompson, 2012). These facilities also give indigenous communities educational resources for healthcare facilities. Further, implementing a holistic approach spread information regarding the cause of illness in historical context and socio-economic, it provided culturally appropriate solutions for health promotions, reduction of diseases and education, and also offer to explain the reason for intervention. I feel like this article has done a great job in explaining the issues relating to the mental illness of young indigenous peoples. The article provided that rather than just a disease, mental illness is social cause approach, and it recommended the application of a holistic approach for solution. The article focuses on the fact that for indigenous peoples health is relating to various aspects such as body, spirit, emotions and mental (Baba, Brolan Hill, 2014). To examine the mental issues of indigenous peoples several factors are required to be evaluated such as culture, economic, social, historical, community and spiritual (Ypinazar, Margolis, Haswell-Elkins Tsey, 2007). I believed that the article provides a potential solution for the issue faced by indigenous people in Australia. WAtoday. (2017). Abuse, neglect: Perth inquest hears tragic tale of indigenous youth suicides. Retrieved from https://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/abuse-neglect-perth-inquest-hears-tragic-tales-of-indigenous-youth-suicides-20170627-gwzfux.html This news article discusses the issues of suicide among young indigenous peoples living in Australia. The article concentrates on a story of 10 years old girl who took her own life after a period of three years from when her sister committed suicide as well. The news article also provides thirteen other cases relating to suicide which involved young indigenous peoples and which happened in between 2012 and 2016. The high rate of suicide cases involving young aboriginal peoples is serious issue since there is lack of proper reason for such suicides. During the inquiry of the suicide case of 10 years old girl who was from Looma community, there was lack of proper motive for her decision to take her own life (WAtoday, 2017). Nonetheless, it was provided in the investigation that the girl was suffering from suicidal intentions. Also, she was facing domestic violence and along with alcohol abuse and she did not receive any mental health facilities for such issues. In 40 investigations, around 700 recommendations have been filed for proper addressing of the problem of suicide among aboriginal communities. Mr. Urquhart provided that a fundamental approach is necessary to address these issues (WAtoday, 2017). He worries that many of the recommendations provided are not sufficient enough and many others are yet to be effectively implemented. Patricia Dudgeon gave her opinion during the investigation by stating that on-going racism is one of the primary factors that adversely influence the well-being of indigenous peoples. Other factors which linked to racism include poverty, paternalism, and forced removal. Professor Dudgeon claimed that there is not a simple solution available for the problem of racism. She argued that as long as people are treated as second-rate citizens, the issue will continue to transfer from one generation to another. Relevancy of topics discussed in overall unit This article is linked to multiple topics provided in the unit. For example, module 2 topic 1 provided the influence of colonisation is significant over the aboriginal living in Australia. Most of the young indigenous peoples are still experiencing racism as a side effect of colonisation. As per the evidence provided in this article, health of young aboriginal peoples is considerably affected. This article includes information and evidence from various other media items and scholarly reports. According to Fogarty (2016), the rate of suicide in between young aboriginal men of Australia is highest in the world. Specifically, Queensland and Tasmania have reported the maximum rate of suicides. Chalmers and colleagues provided a similar view by stating that suicide rate of young aboriginal peoples is considerably high when compared to non-indigenous peoples (Chalmers et al., 2014). As per these statistics, there is a requirement of culture design which is appropriate for the mental illness interventions of the young aboriginal peoples in Australia. In this case, module 3 topic 1 is related which focus on designing culturally appropriate facilities. This article provided necessary information regarding the related issues; it focuses on the reason of young aboriginal people for suicide. According to the article, the high suicide rate among aboriginal people is caused due to mental health issues. Many adolescents who committed suicide were suffering from mental illnesses at some point in their life, and failure to address such issues were the reason for their suicide. Other than mental health issues, there are several other issues which contributed to the suicide rate of aboriginal peoples such as alienation, the stress of social disadvantages, racism, and exclusion from society (Department of Health, 2013). Additionally, the article has reported that rate of suicide is higher in remote areas; a large number of young indigenous peoples who committed suicide were living in rural areas (Soole, Kolves, De Leo, 2014). The evidence also provided that domestic violence and substance abuse, mainly alcohol, are linked to the high rate of suicide among young indigenous peoples. Personal reflection I think that early detection of serious mental illness syndromes in young aboriginal peoples in Australia is significantly important. By detecting risks factors at an early stage such as substance abuse can help indigenous adolescence tackle their mental issues and reduce intention of suicide. I believe that proper study of mental health issues patterns can provide necessary information which can be utilised in order to prevent the cause of suicidal intentions. I think that it is easier to remove an illness if the disease or its causes are reliably detected (Costello, 2016). According to Haggan (2017), the government is devoted to positively influence the health and social status of aboriginal peoples in Australia. However, he provided that renewed initiative and efforts are necessary to bridge the gap between indigenous peoples and other communities of Australia. It is necessary that renewed approach specifically integrated the social causes that influence health. Proper implementation of this approach will assist in reducing the long-standing inequalities among Australia between indigenous and other communities. A collaborative effort from state, territory and federal government along with aboriginal leaders is required to establishing equality between different sections of society in Australia. The article provided several recommendations relating to bridging the gap in Australian communities. Firstly, an investigation in racism is necessary which focuses on the incidents of racism in healthcare environment which resulted in inequality while accessing healthcare facilities. The Australian government should provide necessary resources to enforce this implementation effectively. Additionally, there are recommendations on strategies for suicide prevention in the article. The majority of suicide cases among indigenous Australians occur before the age of 35 years, which provides that a large number of young aboriginal people are facing the risk of suicide (Haggan, 2017). In conclusion, the National Close the Gap Day is required to be initiated by the government to improve the social condition of indigenous communities living in Australia. This article linked to the module 4 topic 2 which focuses on implementing solid approach and partnership model to close the gap. Primarily, the article discussed regarding government regulations which are required to close the gap between health inequalities faced by aboriginal peoples than compared to non-indigenous peoples. The state, territory, federal governments and indigenous leaders are required to collaborate for creating and applying policies to close the gap of inequalities face by indigenous peoples. Providing training to a large number of indigenous nurses can assist in closing the gap (West, Usher, Foster, 2010). Indigenous nurses have various unique set of skills that can help in improving the outcome of the aboriginal population. The doctors association of aboriginal peoples also help in filling the gap of inequality in healthcare (OMara, 2009). Further, the article relates to module 2 topic 2 which concentrate on governments approaches to close the gap in between Aus tralian communities. Impact of media item on related topic This article argued that government is requiring establishing necessary initiatives to address the mental health problems as well as suicide caused due to racism. Collaboration between indigenous leaders, healthcare, and government, is required to implement effective strategy relating to the issues. The article provides that the government is implementing solid policies to promote the availability of aboriginal peoples to better healthcare systems (Peiris, et al., 2012). This article portrayed a positive image of government regarding the promotion of healthcare benefits for indigenous peoples. I think that the data available can be utilised by the government to implement suitable programs for the healthcare of indigenous peoples since they face a significant amount of inequality (Reading Wien, 2009). The government should also include healthcare professionals and indigenous leaders to work collaboratively on changing aboriginal peoples situation. In rural areas, many healthcare professional face difficulties working with aboriginal peoples (Wilson, Margarey, Jones, ODonnell Kelly, 2015), therefore, government should appoint indigenous health professionals in such areas. Conclusion In conclusion, racism has a considerably adverse influence over wellbeing and mental health of aboriginal peoples living in Australia. Many experts have linked racism to the high rate of suicide among aboriginal peoples. As discussed in this report, media has a significant role in order to spread awareness regarding health, and social issues faced by indigenous peoples due to inequalities in Australian communities. The media shape public awareness regarding various initiatives, approaches, and programs which are established to address challenges relating to health inequalities face by indigenous peoples. The media also recommends few strategies that can be adopted by the government to promote the healthcare of indigenous peoples. References Australian Department of Health. (2017). Indigenous Australians Health Programme. Retrieved from https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/indigenous-programme-lp Baba, J. T., Brolan, C. E., Hill, P. S. (2014). Aboriginal medical services cure more than illness: a qualitative study of how Indigenous services address the health impacts of discrimination in Brisbane communities. International journal for equity in health, 13(1), 56. doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-13-56 Chalmers, K. J., Bond, K. S., Jorm, A. F., Kelly, C. M., Kitchener, B. A., Williams-Tchen, A. J. (2014). Providing culturally appropriate mental health first aid to an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander adolescent: development of expert consensus guidelines. International journal of mental health systems, 8(1), 6. doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-8-6 Costello, E. J. (2016). Early detection and prevention of mental health problems: Developmental epidemiology and systems of support. Journal of Clinical Child Adolescent Psychology, 45(6), 710-717. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2016.1236728 Department of health. (2013). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander: origins, trends and incidence. Retrieved from https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/mental-natsisps-strat-toc~mental-natsisps-strat-1~mental-natsisps-strat-1-ab Durey, A., Thompson, S. C. (2012). Reducing the health disparities of Indigenous Australians: time to change focus. BMC Health Services Research, 12(1), 151. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-12-151 Fogarty, S. (2016). Suicide rate for young Indigenous men highest in world, Australian report finds. Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-12/indigenous-youth-suicide-rate-highest-in-world-report-shows/7722112 Haggan, M. (2017). Closing the gap is vital. Retrieved from https://ajp.com.au/news/closing-gap-vital/ HealthInfoNet. (2017). Overview of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health status 2016. Retrieved from https://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/health-facts/overviews Islam, S., Fitzgerald, L. (2016). Indigenous obesity in the news: a media analysis of news representation of obesity in Australias Indigenous population. BMC obesity, 3(1), 30. doi: 10.1186/s40608-016-0109-1 Knibbs, L.D. Sly, P.D. (2014). Indigenous health and environmental risk factors: an Australian problem with global analogues. Global Health Action, 7(1), 10. doi: 10.3402/gha.v7.23766 NIT. (2017). Mental illness plagues young indigenous people: report. Retrieved from https://nit.com.au/mental-illness-plagues-young-indigenous-people-report/ OMara, P. (2009). Close the gap: Australian indigenous doctors association. Med J Aust, 190(10), 607. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2009/190/10/close-gap-australian-indigenous-doctors-association Paradies, Y. (2016). Colonisation, racism and indigenous health. Journal of Population Research, 33(1), 83-96. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12546-016-9159-y Peiris, D., Brown, A., Howard, M., Rickards, B. A., Tonkin, A., Ring, I., ... Cass, A. (2012). Building better systems of care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: findings from the Kanyini health systems assessment.BMC Health Services Research,12(1), 369. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-12-369 Priest, N. C., Paradies, Y. C., Gunthorpe, W., Cairney, S. J., Sayers, S. M. (2011). Racism as a determinant of social and emotional wellbeing for Aboriginal Australian youth.The Medical journal of Australia,194(10), 546-550. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2011/194/10/racism-determinant-social-and-emotional-wellbeing-aboriginal-australian-youth Reading, C. L., Wien, F. (2009).Health inequalities and the social determinants of Aboriginal peoples' health. Prince George, BC: National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health. Shepherd, C. C. J., Li, J. Zubrick, S. R. (2012). Social Gradients in the Health of Indigenous Australians. Am Journal Public Health, 102(1), 107-117. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300354 Soole, R., Klves, K., De Leo, D. (2014). Suicides in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children: analysis of Queensland Suicide Register. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 38(6), 574-578. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12259 Thorpe. N., (2017). Government at all levels failing Australias first peoples, indigenous leaders. Retrieved from https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/nitv-news/article/2017/03/16/governments-all-levels-failing-australias-first-peoples-indigenous-leaders WAtoday. (2017). Abuse, neglect: Perth inquest hears tragic tales of indigenous youth suicides. Retrieved from https://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/abuse-neglect-perth-inquest-hears-tragic-tales-of-indigenous-youth-suicides-20170627-gwzfux.html West, R., Usher, K., Foster, K. (2010). Increased numbers of Australian Indigenous nurses would make a significant contribution to closing the gapin Indigenous health: What is getting in the way?. Contemporary Nurse, 36(1-2), 121-130. doi: 10.5172/conu.2010.36.1-2.121 Wilson, A., Magarey, A., Jones, M., O'Donnell, K., Kelly, J. (2015). Attitudes and characteristics of health professionals working in Aboriginal health.Rural Remote Health,15(1), 2739. Retrieved from https://www.rrh.org.au/articles/subviewnew.asp?ArticleID=2739 Ypinazar, V. A., Margolis, S. A., Haswell-Elkins, M., Tsey, K. (2007). Indigenous Australians understandings regarding mental health and disorders. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41(6), 467-478. dio: 10.1080/00048670701332953

Religion, The State And Sovereignty Essays - Authority, Sovereignty

Religion, The State And Sovereignty Religion, the State and Sovereignty The influence of religion on humankind can be traced back to the first records of history. Religion has served as a pillar of strength to some and binding chains to others. There are vast amounts of information and anthropological studies revealing the interaction of religion and humankind. However, for the purposes of this paper, the time periods of study will be broken up into three sections. Each section will give a general description of how religion affected the institution of the state and its Sovereignty in a Euro-centric perspective. The first period is the early period, which will encompass from Christianity and the Roman Empire to the Medieval times (approx. 311 to 1100 A.D.). The second period will include the Renaissance, the Reformation to the Treaty of Westphalia (1101 to 1648 A.D.). The third and increment of history will range from 1649 to 1945 A.D. The date 311 A.D. marks the issuing of the Edict of Toleration for Christians. This date is important because it symbolizes national acceptance of Christianity, and planted its roots as a political institution. Later the Roman Empire on the verge of internal collapse acknowledged the importance of Christianity and used it to hold together the remnants of it former self. This adoption of Christianity took form and eventually became the Catholic church. The church became intermingled with politics and became a strong entity. The policies delivered from the church had more authority than the local rulers and magistrates of the developing feudal system. For example, St. Augustine wrote about war and what justified its enactment against fellow men. This policy was followed and adhered to for hundreds of years after St. Augustine wrote it. Another example, is the use of the Bible as a guideline for establishing governing systems. Scripture portrayed God as choosing the king of the people. The pope, being God's representative was then given the authority to crown the king. This crowning process gave the pope large influence in the political arena. This ritual continued for a number of centuries. The Crusades, which occurred around 1100 A.D., played a crucial role in challenging the church's authority. The pope identifying the spread of Islam as evil requested all of Europe embark on a Crusade to defeat the infidels. As the battles were fought, great treasures were found in the form of books and knowledge. These books were crude translations of old Greek texts, containing information which would eventually produce the waning of Church authority in the future. The Renaissance marked the beginning of intellectual re-birth. Writers such as Dante, Machiavelli, Guiarccidini, Vitoria, etc., all attempting to reform and some even contest church dominance. Dante in his imaginative work Inferno writes of hell which he envision is the pope's final destination. Machiavelli takes a more direct role classifying the actions of a prince to be above morality and ultimately above the Church. He continues the affront by classifying a human character of virtu as being completely centered around man (humanism). The Raison D' Tat is supreme especially in terms of the church belligerence. In the middle of the Renaissance, the Church was dealt a deadly blow from which it would never recover. This assault came via Martin Luther. His work, 95 Thesis, marked the beginning of the Reformation. This movement split the church into Catholic and Protestant sects. It marked the beginning of a bloody period which virtually split Europe in half. Examples of the conflict raged between Protestants and Catholics from the great slaughter of Protestants in Paris 1572 A.D. (7000 dead) to the Thirty Years War. With the Church in disarray, freedom was given to the state to begin to develop. During this period of Renaissance the political identity was going through a tremendous transformation. This transformation took form in what is called Absolutism. Princes began to tolerate less and less manipulation from the church. The political entity in the form of monarchy began to wean itself from the Church for its legitimacy and looked toward its own power. Other writers began to rise and discuss issues of sovereignty and the state. Thomas Hobbes discusses the state and refers to it as Leviathan which is the concurring title of his

Personal statement Essay

Personal statement Essay Personal statement Essay Having grown up in Bournemouth, one of the constant elements were the beaches and Applebury head. Although I had no idea what Geology was back then, I was extremely curious why everything was the way it was. I remember asking my father if the beaches were always there and why the sea does not just swallow us up one day and he would try to explain what was going on. Looking back, it does not seem like much, yet, I am inclined to consider it the moment when my passion sparked. Now, having travelled to Spain and extensively through Australia, I feel that my curiosity has developed into something much bigger than a mere curiosity. Having seen the limestone rock of Gibraltar, the sandstone Uluru Mountain and the world’s largest coral reef, I feel that I have groomed a deep interest in the forces that shaped our planet and its landscapes. In all honesty, I was always interested in all sciences, not only Geology. When I was in school I hardly ever had any problems with math or scienc e, always getting good grades. I remember that my teachers were really pleased with my efforts and that, in my view, spurred me on to do as best as I could every time. What is more, I was one day reading about the scientific method that research use when they carry out their work. I can remember quite vividly how enthusiastic I was about it and, ever since, I have tried to employ to the best of my abilities when trying to gain insight into something I knew little to nothing about. For these reasons, my belief is that I posses quite an analytical mind that is stimulated by progress and novelty so that I feel that will not have problems dealing a great volume of new information coming my way. Now, in regards to the reason why I want to study Geology, the simplest thing I can say is that it was an intuitive decision. If I were to expand, I would say that I am generally interested in our planet. All the knowledge I have gained so far about it and the forces that govern it seems to be at most superficial and still, I would love to know more. Furthermore, the fact that our planet is constantly changing is another factor that fuels my interest. From Pangeea to the Ice Ages and to today’s Earth, things have changed dramatically and the process is highly unlikely to stop there. Thus, Geology can be considered an exciting and constantly developing field, meaning that I cannot see myself growing bored of it. In addition to this, I feel like it is a very hands-on field of work and, as a bonus, the graduate prospects are much better than that of other courses. Considering all this, my passion for Geology and my analytic way of thinking, I am inclined to believe that this course and field of work would fit me perfectly. Being a mature student, I have had the chance to travel and develop certain skills, or abilities in my time away from formal education. From the moment I left school to this day, I have had the chance to work in quite a few different areas. Firstly, I worked with my father, helping him with his window restoration business for around 2 and one half years. That was my first contact with the real life and it was, needless to say, a forming experience. During that time I got a better sense of what responsibility and hard work really mean. Afterwards, I managed to get a job in a warehouse where I was meant to be packing pies into their package. Even if I considered that my father was hard on me, I did not know the half of it. It was during that time that I learned the value of teamwork and the pressure of deadlines. In order to meet our deadlines, each and every one of us had to be consistent and do their job properly. Thus, sometimes I would work overtime in order to meet them, even if the environment was

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UK-An Investors Haven - Essay Example Similarly, countries that export such goods can then look at importing goods that they feel are more attractive and efficient from third countries. Such 'gains from trade' will help all countries benefit and lead to all-round development and prosperity. Global production and consumption will increase (Bruce E. Moon, Ideas and Policies, 1999)2. This law of comparative advantage was expressed by renowned economist David Ricardo, who concluded that such practices of 'gains from trade' benefited nations economically. The UK has enough coal deposits for consumption; however, it depends on China and Australia for its consumption. Despite the cost of transportation, coal is still cheap when imported from these countries, compared to high-cost production costs here. This way of imports not only helps the local economy, but increases revenue for those countries as well (Sherlock and Reuvid, The handbook of International Trade, 2004)3. Britain, one of the most open economies in the world, is the fifth largest international trading nation, and the second largest exporter of services. She exported 187 billion in goods and sold 67 billion worth of services overseas in 2000. Trade relations with countries other than the EU members fall within the Common Commercial Policy (CCP) of the European Union. Thus, the European Commission negotiates with third countries on the basis of mandates agreed by the Member States (European Communities Act 1972 5.2(1)). This arrangement gives the UK greater clout in global trade negotiations4. 2.0 Executive Summary Because of its open economic policy, UK has benefited both from inward and outward investment. It receives the most in terms of foreign direct investment (FDI) than any other country in the European Union (EU), creating new jobs, finance projects, and providing access to new technologies. Interestingly, UK is the world's second largest supplier of FDI to third countries. The returns earned through interest and capital investment helps run the exchequer in disbursing pensions and other savings. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as defined by IMF is 'a direct investment that is made to acquire a 'lasting interest' in a business operating in a country other than that of the investor, and his sole purpose being to have an effective voice in the management of that company'. 'Lasting interest' being debatable, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) recommended that 10% or greater ownership should satisfy this requirement.5 The United Kingdom imports cars, coal, oil, electronics and electrical consumer goods, and more, from foreign countries. Most of these products can be produced by the country itself. However, there are genuine reasons for such imports. Three prominent points that come to mind are6: 1. Cheaper priced than those made locally 2. More varieties available for selection due to imports 3. Better quality and features. Liberalisation has helped Trade push the economy and the government's exchequer. There are however several moves by the government that has cast a shadow with the local population.

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Chapter 12 summary ( managing change and innovation ) - Essay Example This is the very first stage in the change process. It requires preparation of the whole organization in readiness for change. The need for change needs to be acceptable to al stakeholders so that they all feel that the current state of the organization needs to be broken down and changed. There will obviously be a lot of uncertainty created during the unfreezing period as new ways of implementing things are put into place. However, people will soon begin to believe in the new changes and adapt to them and the organizational culture will begin to change. This embracing of the new ways of operating means that the origination will be ready to refreeze. The organization needs to have stability in its organizational structure and its job descriptions. ays that support the new direction. Poor Communication is one of the reasons for resistance to change in an organization. The news of change whether through informal or formal structure within the organization may sometimes be disseminated in a skewed manner so that there is miscommunication. This can cause serious resistance to change. Self-Interest among employees who may feel that their interests are under threat and wanting to protect their own interests over those of the organization as a whole may also be another source of resistance. Lack of Trust is very detrimental in an organization because it means that decisions will not be accepted at face value as having been made out of good faith and will most probably face resistance.Peopple are also very resistant to mastering new skills as they feel out of depth and incompetent especially in the area of new technology. Organization stakeholders may be more inclined to accept change if the organization’s culture matches and is in line with the stated vision, mission and goals of the organization. The best way to achieve organizational change is by having a common vision for change. There should

African Americans and Southern Racism During Reconstruction Essay Example for Free

African Americans and Southern Racism During Reconstruction Essay Introduction At the end of the Civil War, America faced the difficult task of uniting not only two separated territories of the United States, but also two races long separated by racism and culture. Devastated and embittered by the damage of the war, the South had a long way to go in order to achieve true equality between the former slave owners and former slaves. The majority of the South remained set in racist behavior, finding post-Civil War legal loopholes to diminish African American rights (Tindall Shi, 2010, pp. 757-758). Southerners continued to marginalize Blacks in their behavior toward ex-slaves and the later African American generation, continuing the escalation of racial tensions through white terror and discriminatory attitudes (Tindall Shi, 2010, p. 759). Most subversively, southern newspapers propagated stereotypes against African Americans in their coverage and descriptions of constitutional conventions (Logue, 1979, p. 342). Although Radical Reconstruction offered some progress toward social equality after the Civil War, its success was short-lived as African Americans suffered vast disenfranchisement through racist rulings, attitudes, and media representation in the South at the turn of the century. Rulings against African Americans After the Civil War had come to an end, African Americans in the South quickly made use of their new-found political and social rights, employing their right to vote from the Fifteenth Amendment and serving as prominent political figures (Tindall Shi, 2010, p. 722). However, the formerly fervent commitment to Radical Reconstruction soon dwindled (Tindall Shi, 2010, p. 739). Many of the advances toward civil equality were soon erased: In 1883, the Supreme Court declared the Civil Rights Laws of 1875 unconstitutional, and the political power Blacks had gained, especially in the South where 90% of Blacks lived, was completely undone. Black voter  participation dropped from 96% to 26% in South Carolina in just 12 years (1876-1888); in those same 12 years, voter participation of Blacks dropped from 53% to 18% in Georgia (Burris-Kitchen Burris, 2011, p. 5). Even while African Americans enjoyed an uninhibited freedom to voting rights, many still suffered disenfranchisement at the hands of rampant racial discrimination in the South. Although discontent Southerners could not impede the Black right to vote, they found ulterior methods to marginalize African Americans. â€Å"Since the Fifteenth Amendment made it impossible simply to deny African Americans the right to vote, disenfranchisement was accomplished indirectly, through such devices as poll taxes (or head taxes) and literacy tests† (Tindall Shi, 2010, p. 757). â€Å"Jim Crow† laws mandated racial segregation in public areas in the South and were often accompanied by physical abuse and terror to African Americans (Tindall Shi, 2010, pp. 756-759). These underhand activities in the South demonstrated that while African Americans were technically free, they continually suffered from unjust rulings and actions. These sprang from the rampantly racist attitudes in the South: Although great strides were made toward political and economic freedom for Blacks following the Civil War, the progress made was quickly squashed by political movements and rhetoric, which implied that Blacks could not handle their newly-found freedom and that the White working class was threatened by Blacks who were trying to take their jobs, their property, and their government away from them (Burris-Kitchen Burris, 2011, p. 5). Racist Attitudes Many Southerners continued to believe and propagate these ideas that African Americans had a subversive agenda to the White working class. These ideas culminated in deep-seated attitudes against African Americans in the South: â€Å"During the 1890s the attitudes that had permitted moderation in race relations evaporated. A violent ‘Negrophobia’ swept across the South and much of the nation at the end of the century† (Tindall Shi, 2010, p. 756). However, African Americans at the turn of the century had become weary of disenfranchisement and were ready to stand up against these attitudes: â€Å"This generation was more assertive and less patient than their parents. ‘We are not the Negro from who the chains of slavery fell a quarter century ago, most assuredly not,’ a black editor announced† (Tindall   Shi, 2010, p. 756). Unfortunately, this may have simply increased a White agenda of racial discrimination, as â€Å"a growing number of young white adults, however, were equally determined to keep ‘Negroes in their place’† (Tindall Shi, 2010, p. 756). Whether Southerners felt that African Americans imposed a threat to their jobs, their safety, or their rights, the overarching attitude of the South clearly displayed a strong desire to maintain racial dominance of the pre-Civil War era. Part of this attitude motivated a desire to limit education for African Americans: To keep Blacks uneducated meant Whites could boast of their superior intellect; this had been in the arsenal of Whites for hundreds of years prior to Reconstruction and continues to be used over 130 years after Reconstruction. Denial of education for Blacks existed through Reconstruction as a form of White racism and a justification for their inferior political and economic status (Burris-Kitchen Burris, 2011, p. 6). Any kind of advantage Whites could claim in the South became ammunition in their discriminatory attitudes. These ideas and attitudes fed the propagation of racist stereotypes and bias in southern newspapers. Prejudiced Media in the South Perhaps the most subtle yet shocking form of racism in the South during Reconstruction was the biased reporting of many southern newspapers. Whether the ideas and attitudes of many southern Whites influenced these published stereotypes or vice versa, it is clear that southern publications often encouraged and promoted racist attitudes at the end of the century. A publication in Charleston, South Carolina displayed this racist subtext: â€Å"While promising its readers ‘truth,’ the Charleston Mercury mocked journalistic license by actually printing racist ridicule. A favorite method was to scorn African-Americans in the convention as a race, exploiting racist attitudes saved by white readers from slavery† (Logue, 1979, p. 339). Covering the constitutional convention in Columbia in 1867, white journalists used racist stereotypes in describing the black delegates’ involvement: â€Å"Reporters emphasized how blacks would chuckle and grin, thereby exploiting th e racist assumption of many whites that blacks were mere fun-loving, animal-like creatures who had to be protected from themselves† (Logue, 1979, p. 341). The Charleston paper encouraged racist  attitudes through the ridicule of black speech and pronunciation, mocking ex-slave â€Å"ignorance† rather than reporting important issues discussed at the convention: When blacks debated the issue of ‘changing the title of districts to counties,’ for example, the only thing the reporters heard was the very awkward sound of deestrict as district is pronounced by some of the delegates. Because of their preoccupation with such factors, reporters seldom informed their readers about issues that were discussed, such as public education, relief from debts, taxes, and so on (Logue, 1979, p. 342). In this manner, the South remained entrapped in a media-fueled suspicion and fear of African Americans, feeding the continued presence of racism and discrimination during the post-Civil War reconstruction. Conclusion In conclusion, the progress of Radical Reconstruction largely failed to reform the disenfranchisement of African Americans in the South on a long-term scale. The attitudes of the Southern whites continued to influence the freedom of former slaves as they faced discriminating rulings, racist attitudes, and biased media. While some African Americans from further generations were largely unwilling to bow subserviently to the effects of white terror and discrimination, civil rights equality had a long and arduous path to completion in the South. While many of the racist attitudes of the post-Civil War South seem shocking to a modern-day reader, the influence of the actions and attitudes of white Southerners serves as a reminder of the power of repeated falsehoods, particularly within media subtext and bias. The disenfranchisement of African Americans during reconstruction displays the extent of deep-seated racial prejudice based on fear, stubbornness, and ignorance. As Burris-Kitchen and Burris point out: Throughout American history, Blacks have been demonized and criminalized, and this history has led us to where we are today. Until we can change the perceptions of Blacks through the media, political and economic arenas they will continue to pay the price for an inherently racist political, economic, educational, and criminal justice system (Burris-Kitchen Burris, 2011, p. 14). References Burris-Kitchen, D., Burris, P. (2011). From slavery to prisons: A historical delineation of the criminalization African Americans. Journal of Global Intelligence Policy, 4 (5), 1-16. Retrieved from http://0-web.ebscohost.com.library.regent.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=adef70d4-c4d9-4d2b-b5c9-3b1efa487879%40sessionmgr14vid=2hid=127# Logue, C. M. (March 1979). Racist reporting during reconstruction. Journal of Black Studies, 9 (3), 335-349. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2784304 Tindall, G. B.; Shi, D. E. (2010). America: A narrative history (8th ed.). New York: W.W. Norton Company.

Differences Between Men and Women Essay -- Compare Contrast Gender Ess

Anytime anyone is about to have a baby the first question is "Is it a boy or a girl?" People ask this question because there is a difference between the two genders. Several are curious to know whether the baby will turn out to be a sweet young lady or a strong young man. Even as children, the distinctions are obvious and stand apart. A young girl may ask a boy "What's that?" A young boy may ask a girl "Where's yours?" This is their first step towards self discovery. Everyone knows there is a difference but no one ever stops to see how many there truly are. There are numerous reasons why someone has become the gender they are, which is why the two appear different. Various people have been in the fight for equality over the years, they argue that even though we are all so different we can all be treated in the same way. In spite of the need for equality among men and women, there are still many differences, such as, body image, mate selection, sexuality, and ste reotypes. In selecting a mate, women look at different attractions than a man would. According to Rachel Herz, women are greatly attracted to the way a man smells and is typically one of the first things a woman looks for when selecting a mate. As a first impression, women want to be put into a daze or mesmerized by the individual they have come into contact with. Gender is not the only factor that a woman looks for when selecting a mate. Many women go deeper and search for things, such as, race, ethnicity, age, and good providers (Our Bodies 186). These affect many women by the importance they bring to a relationship. Typically women are looking for someone that they can spend their lives with, therefore they look for the qualit... ...each gender; it all depends on how those viewpoints are used that determine the kind of person that is developed. Works Cited Eagly, Alice H. Social Role Theory of Sex Differences and Similarities. San Diego, California: London, 2001. Herz, Rachel. "Sex Differences in Response to Physical and Social Factors Involved in Human Mate Selection: The Importance of Smell for Women." Evolution and Human Behavior 23 (2002): 359-64. <http://ucolk2.olk.uc.edu/search/i10905138/i1090+5138/1,1,2,B/frameset&FF=i1090+ 5138&1,,2>. Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century: A Book by and for Women. New York: Simon and Shuster, 1998. Sherman, Julia A. Ph.D. On the Psychology of Women: A Survey of Empirical Studies. Springfield, Illinois: Thomas, 1971. Williams, Juanita H. Psychology of Women: Behavior in a Biosocial Context. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1974.

Edward Zwick’s Glory Essay

Edward Zwick’s Glory was powerful film history that popularized a story of the Civil War which was largely unknown. Primarily, this film gave credit to the story of African-American 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry from Robert Gould Shaw’s perspective who was a son of Boston abolitionist. This Hollywood movie depicts the participation of African American soldiers during the American Civil War which gives us some perspective about our history. Synopsis The film was all about the historical views of the Civil war took place in America (IMDb 1990 -2001). Glory† has been entitled to this film because it was a celebration of the African soldiers who courageously stood every challenge although it was not recognized by history due to racism. The heroes who belonged to the 54th Regiment of the Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry were all African-American soldiers. The regiments were headed by the son of an abolitionist named Col. Robert Gould Shaw who took the responsibility of preparing these soldiers for battle. Their race had been a hindrance and this was the reason why these soldiers were denied of every privilege and were given the hardest task although they fought in behalf of their white counterparts. When the day finally arrived to attack Ft. Wagner on July 18, 1863, the Confederates secretly and safely slipped away. Shaw led the 54th to fight for honor in a mission which was led to certain death while carrying the regiments into battle and fight for the honor of the country. This film was a depiction of Northern racism but despite the fact that white people were reluctant to issue proper equipment, paying these black soldiers lesser than whites they still resist their demeaning position in the Union army. The film was all about the former black slaves who bravely fought in order to win the liberty for their enslaved brothers. The film also showed different scenes about the infantry regiments who witnessed the federal service of Union Army during the Civil war. The film was historically accurate in some aspects but some were quite contrasting. Other historical aspects has been bent slightly such as the older depiction of Frederick Douglass in contrast with the historically accurate rendering of uniforms, weaponry and the battle’s opposing lines, the siege of a fortress; The role give to Shaw was also accurate; his acceptance to lead the 54th which was held in the field an not at the ball; Free-born blacks from the North had been drilled in local militaries before they got enlisted; Whipping was really used in Union army as a form of discipline; the 54th was the first black regiment ; Col. James Montgomery was depicted as murderer of racist which distorted the fact that he was supporting John Brown as an abolitionist. Finally, the assault on Fort Wagner was set with the sea on their left though they should be travelling north where the sea must be on their right. As part of our history, the portrayals of the role revealed that people were basically good but also has an evil instinct and this plays an important event towards the modern world which gave us a deeper understanding of why racism started. The film was made in 1980’s and was released in December 1989 in the U.  S. The film was very timely since President Abraham Lincoln has been assassinated in 1985 which gave a great influence in the movie since he was the President during the Civil wars (Swanson; 42). President Lincoln finally helped the black men to secure the final victory after the fort has been abandoned. With this event from the scene, it shows that in our history, the government implemented rules regarding the separation of black people from the white together with all the policies that are given to them whenever they protest or did not follow the rules. The film characters were mostly black people which can be critiqued as one sided view of the film to somehow suit their liberal agenda. Glory brought up some issues during those times such as slavery and sacrifice in order to be considered as men (Clamen, 2009). However, on the other hand, it only focused on one side which created negative rumors about Confederates as faceless enemies. The audience who will see it could create different interpretation about what had happened in the past which could possibly result to a new discussion for debates. Somehow it could be diverted to issue in our present world that’s why, the director should be careful about it. The movie wants to tell the viewers that racism became a part of our past but because the black people fight for what they believe is right and showed that they can also be a great hero, they have been given the chance to prove that color should not be an issue when we talk about serving the nation. Opinion I have learned so much from life when I watched the movie. I have seen how hard it is to live at that time specially when you belong to the black race. It is very obvious how the black people were treated as slaves at that time. The movie also shows the hardship that the black people experience. They don’t have a very good place to live in, they don’t have luxuries, they were not given importance on the society and they don’t have much privilege during those times. Since this movie was based from our history, I can say that everything that’s happening in modern times was really affected by it, and the result could be good or bad. Good, in a sense that white people and black people were now united, bad to some people who still discriminate black people because of the history. It is also obvious in the film that the black soldiers were into special colored units which shows a form of segregation, another practice of racist in our nation’s history. I think that the movie brought up the best in conveying the historical lesson to the audience. Each scene seems very realistic though not all, each line in the script was very essential and the characters did a very good job which made it possible in making this film a good one. Conclusion In general as a conclusion, racism has been part of the history which practically and emotionally, gave the black people the will and the courage to fight for their rights to be recognized as people and as part of the American society that in the end, their contribution has led to the victory of the whole and they have been recognized. However, Hollywood is still going to give us a movie that will show us our past, but it needs a critical research, and deep examination of what had really happened in the past so that the movie will not appear biased to anyone else who will see it and those who are still connected with it. Overall, Hollywood is a big help to us in shaping our knowledge about what happened in our history as the film makers are making it as accurate as possible.

Biography of Captain William Kidd, Scottish Pirate

William Kidd (c. 1654–May 23, 1701) was a Scottish ship’s captain, privateer, and pirate. He started out on a voyage in 1696 as a pirate hunter and privateer, but he soon switched sides and had a brief but moderately successful career as a pirate. After he turned pirate, his wealthy backers back in England abandoned him. He was later convicted and hanged in England after a sensational trial. Fast Facts: William Kidd Known For: Kidd was a Scottish ships captain whose adventures led to his trial and execution for piracy.Also Known As: Captain KiddBorn: c. 1654 in Dundee, ScotlandDied: May 23, 1701 in Wapping, EnglandSpouse: Sarah Kidd (m. 1691-1701) Early Life Kidd was born in Scotland sometime around 1654, possibly near Dundee. He took to the sea and soon made a name for himself as a skilled, hardworking seaman. In 1689, sailing as a privateer, he took a French vessel: the ship was renamed the Blessed William and Kidd was put in command by the governor of Nevis. He sailed into New York just in time to save the governor there from a conspiracy. In New York, he married a wealthy widow. Not long after, in England, he became friends with the Lord of Bellomont, who was to be the new governor of New York. Setting Sail as a Privateer For the English, sailing was very dangerous at the time. England was at war with France and piracy was common. Lord Bellomont and some of his friends suggested Kidd be given a privateering contract that would allow him to attack pirates or French vessels. The suggestion was not accepted by the government, but Bellomont and his friends decided to set up Kidd as a privateer through a private enterprise: Kidd could attack French vessels or pirates but he had to share his earnings with the investors. Kidd was given the 34-gun Adventure Galley and he set sail in May 1696. Turning Pirate Kidd set sail for Madagascar and the Indian Ocean, then a hotbed of pirate activity. Nevertheless, he and his crew found very few pirate or French vessels to take. About a third of his crew died of disease, and the rest became surly because of the lack of prizes. In August 1697, Kidd attacked a convoy of Indian treasure ships  but was driven off by an East India Company Man of War. This was an act of piracy and clearly not in Kidd’s charter. Also, about this time, Kidd killed a mutinous gunner named William Moore by hitting him in the head with a heavy wooden bucket. The Pirates Take the Queddah Merchant On January 30, 1698, Kidds luck finally changed. He captured the Queddah Merchant, a treasure ship heading home from the Far East. It was not really fair game as a prize, though. It was a Moorish ship, with cargo owned by Armenians, and was captained by an Englishman named Wright. It was allegedly sailing with French papers. This was enough for Kidd, who sold off the cargo and divided the spoils with his men. The holds of the merchantman were bursting with a valuable cargo, and the haul for Kidd and his pirates was 15,000 British pounds, well over $2 million today). Kidd and his pirates were rich men. Kidd and Culliford Not long after, Kidd ran into a pirate ship captained by a notorious pirate named Culliford. What happened between the two men is unknown. According to Captain Charles Johnson, a contemporary historian, Kidd and Culliford greeted each other warmly and traded supplies and news. Many of Kidds men deserted him at this point, some running off with their share of the treasure and others joining Culliford. At his trial, Kidd claimed that he wasnt strong enough to fight Culliford and that most of his men abandoned him to join the pirates. He said he was allowed to keep the ships, but only after all the weapons and supplies were taken. In any event, Kidd swapped the leaking Adventure Galley for the fit Queddah Merchant and set sail for the Caribbean. Desertion by Friends and Backers Meanwhile, news of Kidd becoming a pirate had reached England. Bellomont and his wealthy friends, who were very important members of the government, began distancing themselves from the enterprise as quickly as they could. Robert Livingston, a friend and fellow Scotsman who knew the king personally, was deeply involved in Kidds affairs. Livingston turned on Kidd, trying desperately to keep secret his own name and those of the others involved. As for Bellomont, he put out a proclamation of amnesty for pirates, but Kidd and Henry Avery were specifically excluded from it. Some of Kidds former pirates would later accept this pardon and testify against him. Return to New York When Kidd reached the Caribbean, he learned he was now considered a pirate by the authorities. He decided to go to New York, where his friend Lord Bellomont could protect him until he was able to clear his name. He left his ship behind and captained a smaller ship to New York. As a precaution, he buried his treasure on Gardiners Island, off of Long Island. When he arrived in New York, he was arrested and Lord Bellomont refused to believe his stories of what had transpired. He divulged the location of his treasure on Gardiners Island and it was recovered. He spent a year in prison before being sent to England to face trial. Death Kidds trial took place on May 8, 1701. The trial caused a huge sensation in England, as Kidd pleaded that he had never actually turned pirate. There was plenty of evidence against him, however, and he was eventually found guilty. He was also convicted of the death of Moore, the rebellious gunner. Kidd was hanged on May 23, 1701, and his body was put into an iron cage hanging along the River Thames, where it served as a warning to other pirates. Legacy Kidd and his case have generated a great deal of interest over the years, far more than other pirates of his generation. This is probably due to the scandal of his involvement with wealthy members of the royal court. Then, as now, his tale has a lurid attraction to it, and there are many detailed books and websites dedicated to Kidd, his adventures, and his eventual trial and conviction. This fascination is Kidds real legacy because, frankly, he wasnt much of a pirate. He didnt operate for very long, he didnt take a great many prizes, and he was never feared the way other pirates were. Many pirates—such as Sam Bellamy, Benjamin Hornigold, or Edward Low, to name just a few—were more successful on the open seas. Nevertheless, only a select handful of pirates, including Blackbeard and Black Bart Roberts, are as famous as William Kidd. Many historians feel that Kidd was treated unfairly. For the time, his crimes were not truly terrible. The gunner Moore was insubordinate, the meeting with Culliford and his pirates may have gone the way Kidd said it did, and the ships he captured were at the very least questionable in terms of whether they were fair game or not. If it were not for his wealthy noble backers, who wished to remain anonymous at all costs and to distance themselves from Kidd in any way possible, his contacts probably would have saved him, if not from jail then at least from the noose. One other legacy Kidd left behind was that of buried treasure. Kidd left behind some of his loot, including gold and silver, on Gardiners Island, which was later found and cataloged. What intrigues modern treasure hunters is that Kidd insisted until the end of his life that he had buried another treasure somewhere in the Indies—presumably in the Caribbean. People have been looking for that lost treasure ever since. Sources Defoe, Daniel.  A General History of the Pirates. Dover Publications, 1972.Konstam, Angus.  The World Atlas of Pirates: Treasures and Treachery on the Seven Seas, in Maps, Tall Tales, and Pictures. The Lyons Press, 2010.